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    Egypt

    The Capital Market Law No. 95 regulates the capital markets in Egypt and grants the CMA authority to ensure the execution and enforcement of securities market legislation and regulation.

    Overview: This law regulates the capital markets in Egypt and grants the Capital Market Authority (CMA) the legal authority and status necessary to ensure the effective execution and enforcement of securities market legislation and regulation.

    Article 63: Without prejudice to any severer penalty stipulated in any other law; imprisonment for a term not exceeding five years, and/or a fine of not less than Fifty Thousand Pounds (LE.50000), and not exceeding One Hundred Thousand Pounds (LE.100000); shall be applied in the following cases:

    1. Any person engaging in activities governed by the provisions of this law, without being licensed. 
    2. Any person offering and selling securities in violation of this law. 
    3. Any person stating intentionally material misstatements in a prospectus, incorporation documents, licensing applications, or in any other reports, documents, and company public announcements, or using information in violation of the provisions of this law, or altering such information after being certified by the Authority or presented to it. 
    4. Any person who intentionally publishes material misstatements on securities being subscribed for through an agency which is licensed to receive public subscriptions. 
    5. Any person committing forgery of company records, stating intentionally material misstatements or untrue facts in the company records, or submitted misstated reports to the general assembly. 
    6. Any person quoting artificial price of a security, or conducting false transaction, or attempted by fraud to affect market prices. 
    7. Any person who lists securities on the stock exchange in violation of this Law and its Executive Regulations.

    In December 2021, the Financial Regulatory Authority approved a legislative proposal to prohibit and criminalize recommendations on listed securities on the Egyptian Stock Exchange on social media.

    Article 321: Securities price manipulation is prohibited in accordance with the provisions of the Executive Regulations of the Capital Market Law No. 95 of 1992.

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