Prior to the closing of this offering, Whiting Petroleum Corporation’s wholly-
owned subsidiary, Whiting Oil and Gas Corporation, will convey the term net
profits interest to the trust in consideration for the issuance by the trust of
18,400,000 trust units, which will be distributed as a dividend to Whiting
Petroleum Corporation. Whiting will pay underwriting discounts, the structuring
fee and estimated expenses of approximately $23.2 million, assuming the
underwriters do not exercise their over-allotment option associated with this
offering and will receive all net proceeds from the offering. The estimated
net proceeds to Whiting will be approximately $296.8 million, and will increase
to approximately $341.6 million if the underwriters exercise their over-
allotment option in full. Whiting intends to use the net proceeds from this
offering to repay a portion of the $780.0 million in borrowings outstanding
under its credit agreement as of December 31, 2011. Borrowings under its credit
agreement had a weighted average interest rate of 2.4% as of December 31, 2011
and mature in April 2016. Affiliates of Raymond James & Associates, Inc.,
Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, J.P. Morgan Securities LLC and RBC Capital Markets,
LLC are lenders under Whiting Oil and Gas Corporation’s bank credit facility
and each will receive its proportionate share of the net proceeds of the
offering used to repay a portion of the outstanding balance under the credit
facility.
The oil and natural gas industry is highly competitive. Whiting competes with
major oil and natural gas companies and independent oil and natural gas
companies for oil and natural gas, equipment, personnel and markets for the
sale of oil and natural gas. Many of these competitors are financially stronger
than Whiting, but even financially troubled competitors can affect the market
because of their need to sell oil and natural gas at any price to attempt to
maintain cashflow. The trust will be subject to the same competitive conditions
as Whiting and other companies in the oil and natural gas industry.
Oil and natural gas compete with other forms of energy available to customers,
primarily based on price. These alternate forms of energy include electricity,
coal and fuel oils. Changes in the availability or price of oil, natural gas or
other forms of energy, as well as business conditions, conservation,
legislation, regulations and the ability to convert to alternate fuels and
other forms of energy may affect the demand for oil and natural gas.
Future price fluctuations for oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids will
directly impact trust distributions, estimates of reserves attributable to the
net profits interest and estimated and actual future net revenues to the trust.
In light of the many uncertainties that affect the supply and demand for oil
and natural gas, neither the trust nor Whiting can make reliable predictions of
future oil and natural gas supply and demand, future product prices or the
effect of future product prices on the trust.
net profits interest will entitle the trust to receive 90% of the net proceeds
(calculated as described below) from Whiting’s interests in the underlying
properties after the effective date of the conveyance of the net profits
interest to the trust. The trust will make quarterly cash distributions of
substantially all of its quarterly cash receipts of net proceeds attributable
to the trust, after deduction of fees and expenses for administration of the
trust, to holders of its trust units during the term of the net profits
interest. Please read “Computation of net proceeds” beginning on page 73. The
net profits interest will terminate on the later to occur of (1) December 31,
2021, or (2) the time when 11.79 MMBOE have been produced from the underlying
properties and sold (which is the equivalent of 10.61 MMBOE in respect of the
trust’s right to receive 90% of the net proceeds from such reserves pursuant to
the net profits interest), subject to certain specified exceptions.
As of December 31, 2011, the estimated proved reserves attributable to the
underlying properties for the full economic life of the underlying properties,
as estimated in the reserve report, were 18.28 MMBOE with a pre-tax PV10% value
of $408.5 million. Based on the reserve report, the net profits interest would
entitle the trust to receive net proceeds from the sale of production of an
estimated 10.61 MMBOE of proved reserves during the term of the net profits
interest, calculated as 90% of the proved reserves attributable to the
underlying properties expected to be produced during the term of the net
profits interest. Based on the reserve report, the total estimated proved
reserves attributable to the net profits interest had a pre-tax PV10% value of
$323.6 million as of December 31, 2011. The exact rate of production
attributable to the underlying properties cannot be predicted. However, because
the term of the trust continues until the later of December 31, 2021, or the
time when the terminal production amount has been produced and sold, trust
unitholders will have the right to participate in additional proceeds
attributable to the underlying properties in excess of 10.61 MMBOE in the event
such amount is produced and sold prior to December 31, 2021. As of December 31,
2011 and assuming its continued ownership of the underlying properties, the
total estimated proved reserves attributable to Whiting’s remaining interest in
the underlying properties at the termination of the net profits interest, as
estimated in the reserve report, are expected to be 6.49 MMBOE, or
approximately 35.5% of total estimated proved reserves attributable to the
underlying properties.
The underlying properties include interests in 1,300 gross (390.3 net)
producing wells located in 49 predominantly mature fields with established
production profiles in 10 states. As of December 31, 2011, approximately 96.4%
of estimated proved reserves attributable to the underlying properties during
the estimated term of the net profits interest were classified as proved
developed producing reserves, 2.3% were classified as proved developed non-
producing reserves and 1.3% were classified as proved undeveloped reserves. For
the three months ended December 31, 2011, the average daily net production from
the underlying properties was approximately 4,988 BOE/d (or 4,489 BOE/d
attributable to the net profits interest) and was comprised of approximately
72% oil, 25% natural gas and 3% natural gas liquids. Based on the reserve
report, production attributable to the underlying properties is expected to
decline at an average year-over-year rate of approximately 8.4% between 2012
and 2021, assuming no additional development drilling or other development
expenditures are made on the underlying properties after 2014. Whiting operates
approximately 59% and 56% of the estimated proved reserve volumes and pre-tax
PV10% value, respectively, of these properties based on the reserve report.
Whiting believes that its retained interest in the underlying properties, which
entitles it to 10% of the net proceeds from the sale of production attributable
to the underlying properties during the term of the net profits interest and
all of the net proceeds thereafter, together with its ownership of trust units,
if any, will provide incentive for it to operate (or cause to be operated) the
underlying properties in an efficient and cost-effective manner. In addition,
Whiting has agreed to operate the properties for which it is the operator as a
reasonably prudent operator in the same manner that it would operate if these
properties were not burdened by the net profits interest. Furthermore, for
those properties that it is not the operator, Whiting has agreed to use
commercially reasonable efforts to cause the operator to operate the property
in the same manner; however, Whiting’s ability to cause other operators to take
certain actions is limited.
The trust will make quarterly cash distributions of substantially all of its
quarterly cash receipts of net proceeds attributable to the trust, after
deduction of fees and expenses for the administration of the trust, to holders
of its trust units during the term of the net profits interest. The first
quarterly distribution is expected to be made on or prior to May 30, 2012 to
trust unitholders owning trust units on May 20, 2012. The trust’s first
quarterly distribution will consist of an amount in cash paid by Whiting equal
to the amount that would have been payable to the trust had the net profits
interest been in effect during the period from January 1, 2012 through the day
prior to close of this offering plus the amount payable under the net profits
interest for the period from the day of closing of the offering through March
31, 2012, less any general and administrative expenses and reserves of the
trust. Because payments to the trust will be generated by depleting assets and
the trust has a finite life with the production from the underlying properties
diminishing over time, a portion of each distribution will represent a return
of your original investment.
The gross proceeds from the underlying properties used to calculate the net
profits interest will fluctuate and will be based on prices realized for oil,
natural gas and natural gas liquids attributable to the underlying properties
for each calendar quarter during the term of the net profits interest and
calculated on an aggregate basis for all these properties. In calculating the
net proceeds to be attributed to the trust, Whiting will deduct from the gross
proceeds from oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids sales all production and
development costs and amounts that may be reserved for future development,
maintenance or operating expenses (which reserve amounts may not exceed $2.0
million at any time), all calculated on an aggregate basis for all of these
properties. The production and development costs will be reduced by hedge
payments received by Whiting, if any, under the hedge contracts described below
and other non-production revenue. If at any time production and development
costs should exceed gross proceeds, neither the trust nor the trust unitholders
would be liable for the excess costs; the trust, however, would not receive any
net proceeds until future net proceeds exceed the total of those excess costs,
plus interest at the prevailing money market rate.
Whiting has entered into hedge contracts, which are structured as costless
collar arrangements, to hedge approximately 50% of the anticipated oil
production from the estimated proved reserves attributable to the underlying
properties in the reserve report for the period from April 1, 2012 through
December 31, 2014. The hedge contracts provide a fixed floor price of $80.00
and a fixed ceiling price of $122.50 for this oil production during this
period. During the term of the hedge contracts, Whiting expects these contracts
will reduce the oil price-related risks inherent in holding interests in oil
properties, although they will also limit the potential for upside during the
hedged period if oil prices increase. Trust unitholders will be exposed to
fluctuations in prices of natural gas and natural gas liquids throughout the
term of the trust; and after the hedge contracts terminate on December 31,
2014, trust unitholders’ exposure to fluctuations in oil prices will increase.
Because the trust is intended to qualify as a grantor trust for U.S. federal
income tax purposes, it is generally prohibited from varying or reinvesting its
assets. Permitting Whiting to enter into additional hedge arrangements after
the closing of this offering relating to production from the underlying
properties could be treated as the trust constructively retaining the right to
vary its assets. Accordingly, under the terms of the conveyance, Whiting will
be prohibited from entering into hedging arrangements covering the production
from the underlying properties following the completion of this offering.
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The principal offices of the trust are located at 919 Congress Avenue, Suite
500, Austin, Texas 78701, and its telephone number is (512) 236-6599. Its
website is www.whiting.com.